WORLDWIDE GEOLOGICAL MODELING PROJECTS AND STUDIES
EXAMPLES OF PREVIOUS GEOLOGICAL MODELING WORK
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The projects listed below describe some of the 3D geological modeling projects that we have been involved with directly or in a supervisory capacity. Various software applications were used in these projects, including Petrel, DSG, GoCAD, and various custom-built utilities and applications.
Carbonate and Clastic Reservoirs
BAHRAIN GEOMODELING PROJECTS
Geological modeling in Bahrain was almost exclusively done in Petrel, although interpretive work (log correlations, cross-sections, and mapping) were typically done with DSG and/or GeoGraphix. Although several field-scale models were constructed, many pattern-scale EOR/IOR models were used to evaluate waterflood and advanced steamflood processes in both simulation and operations mode.
Clastic Reservoirs
ARGENTINA GEOMODELING PROJECTS
Modeling projects in Argentina (mainly in the San Jorge Basin) were field-scale models incorporating geophysical attributes to help develop better depositional models and improve infill and step-out drilling. Some object-based sedimentation models were used, but typically the 3D models were deterministic and conditioned with geophysical data.
Clastic Reservoirs
COLOMBIA GEOMODELING PROJECTS
3D reservoir models in Colombia were built in conjunction with the local office staff in Bogota, and were used for reserves evaluations, field development plans, waterflood and steamflood simulation and operations support. The model construction was part of a long-term training and development plan for the Colombian staff
Clastic Reservoirs
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ECUADOR GEOMODELING PROJECTS
The geocellular models built for Ecuador were done during an early phase of 3D modeling using the Landmark StrataModel software. The associated models were used to test an pre-commercial version a flow simulation product developed at University of Oklahoma by Dr. Dan O'Mera. This software is now available commercially as Geo2Flow.
Clastic and Carbonate Reservoirs
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USA GEOMODELING PROJECTS
Virtually all 3D models for North American projects are recent-vintage field- and local-scale models in the Permian Basin. While many of these are unconventional reservoir models, there were a number of models created for conventional reservoirs and used for CO2 injection simulation, planning, and operational support.
Carbonate and Clastic Reservoirs
OMAN GEOMODELING PROJECTS
The geological models for Oman included carbonate reservoir models in the North Oman area that were used for field development planning, operations support, and reserves evaluations. In south-central Oman, clastic reservoir models were used to support a major steamflood operation at Mukhaizna field (also for reserves assessments and field development planning.
Carbonate Reservoirs
QATAR GEOMODELING PROJECTS
Two major geological modeling projects were conducted to support Oxy's Qatar office. The first was a major revision to the Idd al Sharggi North Dome 3D model, which was subsequently used to build a complete, history-matched simulation in Eclipse that was then used to forecast future development opportunities. The second project was an ongoing audit and revision of the Dolphin LLC portion of the North Field giant gas field (offshore Qatar and Iran).
Carbonate Reservoirs
IRAQ GEOMODELING PROJECTS
A geological model was constructed for the joint venture between ENI, Oxy, and others for the giant Zubair field in southern Iraq. This model was quality checked during an extensive peer review to ensure the suitability of the model to support reserves assessment, field development plans, and operations support.
Carbonate Reservoirs
UNITED ARAB EMRIATES
Some of the 3D modeling conducted in the UAE was in support of various New Ventures evaluation of new block evaluations. The ADNOC-developed 3D geomodel for the giant Shah gas field was audited and evaluated for applicability for reserves assessment, and field development, and gas plant planning.